regex.c

Go to the documentation of this file.

/* Extended regular expression matching and search library,
   version 0.12.
   (Implements POSIX draft P10003.2/D11.2, except for
   internationalization features.)

   Copyright (C) 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  */

/* AIX requires this to be the first thing in the file. */


#include "../src/conf.h"

#if defined (_AIX) && !defined (REGEX_MALLOC)
  #pragma alloca
#endif


#if defined(HAVE_REGEX_H) || defined(HAVE_LIBRX)
/* Nothing */
#else

#define _GNU_SOURCE

#define HAVE_STRING_H  1
#define HAVE_ALLOCA_H  0

/* We need this for `regex.h', and perhaps for the Emacs include files.  */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include "gnuregex.h"

/* The `emacs' switch turns on certain matching commands
   that make sense only in Emacs. */
#ifdef emacs

#include "lisp.h"
#include "buffer.h"
#include "syntax.h"

/* Emacs uses `NULL' as a predicate.  */
#undef NULL

#else  /* not emacs */

/* We used to test for `BSTRING' here, but only GCC and Emacs define
   `BSTRING', as far as I know, and neither of them use this code.  */

#ifndef bcmp
#define bcmp(s1, s2, n) memcmp ((s1), (s2), (n))
#endif
#ifndef bcopy
#define bcopy(s, d, n)  memcpy ((d), (s), (n))
#endif
#ifndef bzero
#define bzero(s, n)     memset ((s), 0, (n))
#endif

#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
#include <stdlib.h>
#else
char *malloc ();
char *realloc ();
#endif


/* Define the syntax stuff for <, >, etc.  */

/* This must be nonzero for the wordchar and notwordchar pattern
   commands in re_match_2.  */
#ifndef Sword 
#define Sword 1
#endif

#ifdef SYNTAX_TABLE

extern char *re_syntax_table;

#else /* not SYNTAX_TABLE */

/* How many characters in the character set.  */
#define CHAR_SET_SIZE 256

static char re_syntax_table[CHAR_SET_SIZE];

static void
init_syntax_once ()
{
   register int c;
   static int done = 0;

   if (done)
     return;

   bzero (re_syntax_table, sizeof re_syntax_table);

   for (c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++)
     re_syntax_table[c] = Sword;

   for (c = 'A'; c <= 'Z'; c++)
     re_syntax_table[c] = Sword;

   for (c = '0'; c <= '9'; c++)
     re_syntax_table[c] = Sword;

   re_syntax_table['_'] = Sword;

   done = 1;
}

#endif /* not SYNTAX_TABLE */

#define SYNTAX(c) re_syntax_table[c]

#endif /* not emacs */

/* Get the interface, including the syntax bits.  */
/* #include "regex.h" */

/* isalpha etc. are used for the character classes.  */
#include <ctype.h>

#ifndef isascii
#define isascii(c) 1
#endif

#ifdef isblank
#define ISBLANK(c) (isascii (c) && isblank (c))
#else
#define ISBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
#endif
#ifdef isgraph
#define ISGRAPH(c) (isascii (c) && isgraph (c))
#else
#define ISGRAPH(c) (isascii (c) && isprint (c) && !isspace (c))
#endif

#define ISPRINT(c) (isascii (c) && isprint (c))
#define ISDIGIT(c) (isascii (c) && isdigit (c))
#define ISALNUM(c) (isascii (c) && isalnum (c))
#define ISALPHA(c) (isascii (c) && isalpha (c))
#define ISCNTRL(c) (isascii (c) && iscntrl (c))
#define ISLOWER(c) (isascii (c) && islower (c))
#define ISPUNCT(c) (isascii (c) && ispunct (c))
#define ISSPACE(c) (isascii (c) && isspace (c))
#define ISUPPER(c) (isascii (c) && isupper (c))
#define ISXDIGIT(c) (isascii (c) && isxdigit (c))

#ifndef NULL
#define NULL (void *)0
#endif

/* We remove any previous definition of `SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR',
   since ours (we hope) works properly with all combinations of
   machines, compilers, `char' and `unsigned char' argument types.
   (Per Bothner suggested the basic approach.)  */
#undef SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR
#if __STDC__
#define SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(c) ((signed char) (c))
#else  /* not __STDC__ */
/* As in Harbison and Steele.  */
#define SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(c) ((((unsigned char) (c)) ^ 128) - 128)
#endif

/* Should we use malloc or alloca?  If REGEX_MALLOC is not defined, we
   use `alloca' instead of `malloc'.  This is because using malloc in
   re_search* or re_match* could cause memory leaks when C-g is used in
   Emacs; also, malloc is slower and causes storage fragmentation.  On
   the other hand, malloc is more portable, and easier to debug.  
   
   Because we sometimes use alloca, some routines have to be macros,
   not functions -- `alloca'-allocated space disappears at the end of the
   function it is called in.  */

#ifdef REGEX_MALLOC

#define REGEX_ALLOCATE malloc
#define REGEX_REALLOCATE(source, osize, nsize) realloc (source, nsize)

#else /* not REGEX_MALLOC  */

/* Emacs already defines alloca, sometimes.  */
#ifndef alloca

/* Make alloca work the best possible way.  */
#ifdef __GNUC__
#define alloca __builtin_alloca
#else /* not __GNUC__ */
#if HAVE_ALLOCA_H
#include <alloca.h>
#else /* not __GNUC__ or HAVE_ALLOCA_H */
#ifndef _AIX /* Already did AIX, up at the top.  */
char *alloca ();
#endif /* not _AIX */
#endif /* not HAVE_ALLOCA_H */ 
#endif /* not __GNUC__ */

#endif /* not alloca */

#define REGEX_ALLOCATE alloca

/* Assumes a `char *destination' variable.  */
#define REGEX_REALLOCATE(source, osize, nsize)                          \
  (destination = (char *) alloca (nsize),                               \
   bcopy (source, destination, osize),                                  \
   destination)

#endif /* not REGEX_MALLOC */


/* True if `size1' is non-NULL and PTR is pointing anywhere inside
   `string1' or just past its end.  This works if PTR is NULL, which is
   a good thing.  */
#define FIRST_STRING_P(ptr)                                     \
  (size1 && string1 <= (ptr) && (ptr) <= string1 + size1)

/* (Re)Allocate N items of type T using malloc, or fail.  */
#define TALLOC(n, t) ((t *) malloc ((n) * sizeof (t)))
#define RETALLOC(addr, n, t) ((addr) = (t *) realloc (addr, (n) * sizeof (t)))
#define REGEX_TALLOC(n, t) ((t *) REGEX_ALLOCATE ((n) * sizeof (t)))

#define BYTEWIDTH 8 /* In bits.  */

#define STREQ(s1, s2) ((strcmp (s1, s2) == 0))

#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))

typedef char boolean;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* These are the command codes that appear in compiled regular
   expressions.  Some opcodes are followed by argument bytes.  A
   command code can specify any interpretation whatsoever for its
   arguments.  Zero bytes may appear in the compiled regular expression.

   The value of `exactn' is needed in search.c (search_buffer) in Emacs.
   So regex.h defines a symbol `RE_EXACTN_VALUE' to be 1; the value of
   `exactn' we use here must also be 1.  */

typedef enum
{
  no_op = 0,

        /* Followed by one byte giving n, then by n literal bytes.  */
  exactn = 1,

        /* Matches any (more or less) character.  */
  anychar,

        /* Matches any one char belonging to specified set.  First
           following byte is number of bitmap bytes.  Then come bytes
           for a bitmap saying which chars are in.  Bits in each byte
           are ordered low-bit-first.  A character is in the set if its
           bit is 1.  A character too large to have a bit in the map is
           automatically not in the set.  */
  charset,

        /* Same parameters as charset, but match any character that is
           not one of those specified.  */
  charset_not,

        /* Start remembering the text that is matched, for storing in a
           register.  Followed by one byte with the register number, in
           the range 0 to one less than the pattern buffer's re_nsub
           field.  Then followed by one byte with the number of groups
           inner to this one.  (This last has to be part of the
           start_memory only because we need it in the on_failure_jump
           of re_match_2.)  */
  start_memory,

        /* Stop remembering the text that is matched and store it in a
           memory register.  Followed by one byte with the register
           number, in the range 0 to one less than `re_nsub' in the
           pattern buffer, and one byte with the number of inner groups,
           just like `start_memory'.  (We need the number of inner
           groups here because we don't have any easy way of finding the
           corresponding start_memory when we're at a stop_memory.)  */
  stop_memory,

        /* Match a duplicate of something remembered. Followed by one
           byte containing the register number.  */
  duplicate,

        /* Fail unless at beginning of line.  */
  begline,

        /* Fail unless at end of line.  */
  endline,

        /* Succeeds if at beginning of buffer (if emacs) or at beginning
           of string to be matched (if not).  */
  begbuf,

        /* Analogously, for end of buffer/string.  */
  endbuf,
 
        /* Followed by two byte relative address to which to jump.  */
  jump, 

        /* Same as jump, but marks the end of an alternative.  */
  jump_past_alt,

        /* Followed by two-byte relative address of place to resume at
           in case of failure.  */
  on_failure_jump,
        
        /* Like on_failure_jump, but pushes a placeholder instead of the
           current string position when executed.  */
  on_failure_keep_string_jump,
  
        /* Throw away latest failure point and then jump to following
           two-byte relative address.  */
  pop_failure_jump,

        /* Change to pop_failure_jump if know won't have to backtrack to
           match; otherwise change to jump.  This is used to jump
           back to the beginning of a repeat.  If what follows this jump
           clearly won't match what the repeat does, such that we can be
           sure that there is no use backtracking out of repetitions
           already matched, then we change it to a pop_failure_jump.
           Followed by two-byte address.  */
  maybe_pop_jump,

        /* Jump to following two-byte address, and push a dummy failure
           point. This failure point will be thrown away if an attempt
           is made to use it for a failure.  A `+' construct makes this
           before the first repeat.  Also used as an intermediary kind
           of jump when compiling an alternative.  */
  dummy_failure_jump,

        /* Push a dummy failure point and continue.  Used at the end of
           alternatives.  */
  push_dummy_failure,

        /* Followed by two-byte relative address and two-byte number n.
           After matching N times, jump to the address upon failure.  */
  succeed_n,

        /* Followed by two-byte relative address, and two-byte number n.
           Jump to the address N times, then fail.  */
  jump_n,

        /* Set the following two-byte relative address to the
           subsequent two-byte number.  The address *includes* the two
           bytes of number.  */
  set_number_at,

  wordchar,     /* Matches any word-constituent character.  */
  notwordchar,  /* Matches any char that is not a word-constituent.  */

  wordbeg,      /* Succeeds if at word beginning.  */
  wordend,      /* Succeeds if at word end.  */

  wordbound,    /* Succeeds if at a word boundary.  */
  notwordbound  /* Succeeds if not at a word boundary.  */

#ifdef emacs
  ,before_dot,  /* Succeeds if before point.  */
  at_dot,       /* Succeeds if at point.  */
  after_dot,    /* Succeeds if after point.  */

        /* Matches any character whose syntax is specified.  Followed by
           a byte which contains a syntax code, e.g., Sword.  */
  syntaxspec,

        /* Matches any character whose syntax is not that specified.  */
  notsyntaxspec
#endif /* emacs */
} re_opcode_t;

/* Common operations on the compiled pattern.  */

/* Store NUMBER in two contiguous bytes starting at DESTINATION.  */

#define STORE_NUMBER(destination, number)                               \
  do {                                                                  \
    (destination)[0] = (number) & 0377;                                 \
    (destination)[1] = (number) >> 8;                                   \
  } while (0)

/* Same as STORE_NUMBER, except increment DESTINATION to
   the byte after where the number is stored.  Therefore, DESTINATION
   must be an lvalue.  */

#define STORE_NUMBER_AND_INCR(destination, number)                      \
  do {                                                                  \
    STORE_NUMBER (destination, number);                                 \
    (destination) += 2;                                                 \
  } while (0)

/* Put into DESTINATION a number stored in two contiguous bytes starting
   at SOURCE.  */

#define EXTRACT_NUMBER(destination, source)                             \
  do {                                                                  \
    (destination) = *(source) & 0377;                                   \
    (destination) += SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR (*((source) + 1)) << 8;           \
  } while (0)

#ifdef DEBUG
static void
extract_number (dest, source)
    int *dest;
    unsigned char *source;
{
  int temp = SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR (*(source + 1)); 
  *dest = *source & 0377;
  *dest += temp << 8;
}

#ifndef EXTRACT_MACROS /* To debug the macros.  */
#undef EXTRACT_NUMBER
#define EXTRACT_NUMBER(dest, src) extract_number (&dest, src)
#endif /* not EXTRACT_MACROS */

#endif /* DEBUG */

/* Same as EXTRACT_NUMBER, except increment SOURCE to after the number.
   SOURCE must be an lvalue.  */

#define EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR(destination, source)                    \
  do {                                                                  \
    EXTRACT_NUMBER (destination, source);                               \
    (source) += 2;                                                      \
  } while (0)

#ifdef DEBUG
static void
extract_number_and_incr (destination, source)
    int *destination;
    unsigned char **source;
{ 
  extract_number (destination, *source);
  *source += 2;
}

#ifndef EXTRACT_MACROS
#undef EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR
#define EXTRACT_NUMBER_AND_INCR(dest, src) \
  extract_number_and_incr (&dest, &src)
#endif /* not EXTRACT_MACROS */

#endif /* DEBUG */

/* If DEBUG is defined, Regex prints many voluminous messages about what
   it is doing (if the variable `debug' is nonzero).  If linked with the
   main program in `iregex.c', you can enter patterns and strings
   interactively.  And if linked with the main program in `main.c' and
   the other test files, you can run the already-written tests.  */

#ifdef DEBUG

/* We use standard I/O for debugging.  */
#include <stdio.h>

/* It is useful to test things that ``must'' be true when debugging.  */
#include <assert.h>

static int debug = 0;

#define DEBUG_STATEMENT(e) e
#define DEBUG_PRINT1(x) if (debug) printf (x)
#define DEBUG_PRINT2(x1, x2) if (debug) printf (x1, x2)
#define DEBUG_PRINT3(x1, x2, x3) if (debug) printf (x1, x2, x3)
#define DEBUG_PRINT4(x1, x2, x3, x4) if (debug) printf (x1, x2, x3, x4)
#define DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN(p, s, e)                           \
  if (debug) print_partial_compiled_pattern (s, e)
#define DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING(w, s1, sz1, s2, sz2)                  \
  if (debug) print_double_string (w, s1, sz1, s2, sz2)


extern void printchar ();

/* Print the fastmap in human-readable form.  */

void
print_fastmap (fastmap)
    char *fastmap;
{
  unsigned was_a_range = 0;
  unsigned i = 0;  
  
  while (i < (1 << BYTEWIDTH))
    {
      if (fastmap[i++])
        {
          was_a_range = 0;
          printchar (i - 1);
          while (i < (1 << BYTEWIDTH)  &&  fastmap[i])
            {
              was_a_range = 1;
              i++;
            }
          if (was_a_range)
            {
              printf ("-");
              printchar (i - 1);
            }
        }
    }
  putchar ('\n'); 
}


/* Print a compiled pattern string in human-readable form, starting at
   the START pointer into it and ending just before the pointer END.  */

void
print_partial_compiled_pattern (start, end)
    unsigned char *start;
    unsigned char *end;
{
  int mcnt, mcnt2;
  unsigned char *p = start;
  unsigned char *pend = end;

  if (start == NULL)
    {
      printf ("(null)\n");
      return;
    }
    
  /* Loop over pattern commands.  */
  while (p < pend)
    {
      switch ((re_opcode_t) *p++)
        {
        case no_op:
          printf ("/no_op");
          break;

        case exactn:
          mcnt = *p++;
          printf ("/exactn/%d", mcnt);
          do
            {
              putchar ('/');
              printchar (*p++);
            }
          while (--mcnt);
          break;

        case start_memory:
          mcnt = *p++;
          printf ("/start_memory/%d/%d", mcnt, *p++);
          break;

        case stop_memory:
          mcnt = *p++;
          printf ("/stop_memory/%d/%d", mcnt, *p++);
          break;

        case duplicate:
          printf ("/duplicate/%d", *p++);
          break;

        case anychar:
          printf ("/anychar");
          break;

        case charset:
        case charset_not:
          {
            register int c;

            printf ("/charset%s",
                    (re_opcode_t) *(p - 1) == charset_not ? "_not" : "");
            
            assert (p + *p < pend);

            for (c = 0; c < *p; c++)
              {
                unsigned bit;
                unsigned char map_byte = p[1 + c];
                
                putchar ('/');

                for (bit = 0; bit < BYTEWIDTH; bit++)
                  if (map_byte & (1 << bit))
                    printchar (c * BYTEWIDTH + bit);
              }
            p += 1 + *p;
            break;
          }

        case begline:
          printf ("/begline");
          break;

        case endline:
          printf ("/endline");
          break;

        case on_failure_jump:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/on_failure_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;

        case on_failure_keep_string_jump:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/on_failure_keep_string_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;

        case dummy_failure_jump:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/dummy_failure_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;

        case push_dummy_failure:
          printf ("/push_dummy_failure");
          break;
          
        case maybe_pop_jump:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/maybe_pop_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;

        case pop_failure_jump:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/pop_failure_jump/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;          
          
        case jump_past_alt:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/jump_past_alt/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;          
          
        case jump:
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          printf ("/jump/0/%d", mcnt);
          break;

        case succeed_n: 
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt2, &p);
          printf ("/succeed_n/0/%d/0/%d", mcnt, mcnt2);
          break;
        
        case jump_n: 
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt2, &p);
          printf ("/jump_n/0/%d/0/%d", mcnt, mcnt2);
          break;
        
        case set_number_at: 
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt, &p);
          extract_number_and_incr (&mcnt2, &p);
          printf ("/set_number_at/0/%d/0/%d", mcnt, mcnt2);
          break;
        
        case wordbound:
          printf ("/wordbound");
          break;

        case notwordbound:
          printf ("/notwordbound");
          break;

        case wordbeg:
          printf ("/wordbeg");
          break;
          
        case wordend:
          printf ("/wordend");
          
#ifdef emacs
        case before_dot:
          printf ("/before_dot");
          break;

        case at_dot:
          printf ("/at_dot");
          break;

        case after_dot:
          printf ("/after_dot");
          break;

        case syntaxspec:
          printf ("/syntaxspec");
          mcnt = *p++;
          printf ("/%d", mcnt);
          break;
          
        case notsyntaxspec:
          printf ("/notsyntaxspec");
          mcnt = *p++;
          printf ("/%d", mcnt);
          break;
#endif /* emacs */

        case wordchar:
          printf ("/wordchar");
          break;
          
        case notwordchar:
          printf ("/notwordchar");
          break;

        case begbuf:
          printf ("/begbuf");
          break;

        case endbuf:
          printf ("/endbuf");
          break;

        default:
          printf ("?%d", *(p-1));
        }
    }
  printf ("/\n");
}


void
print_compiled_pattern (bufp)
    struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
{
  unsigned char *buffer = bufp->buffer;

  print_partial_compiled_pattern (buffer, buffer + bufp->used);
  printf ("%d bytes used/%d bytes allocated.\n", bufp->used, bufp->allocated);

  if (bufp->fastmap_accurate && bufp->fastmap)
    {
      printf ("fastmap: ");
      print_fastmap (bufp->fastmap);
    }

  printf ("re_nsub: %d\t", bufp->re_nsub);
  printf ("regs_alloc: %d\t", bufp->regs_allocated);
  printf ("can_be_null: %d\t", bufp->can_be_null);
  printf ("newline_anchor: %d\n", bufp->newline_anchor);
  printf ("no_sub: %d\t", bufp->no_sub);
  printf ("not_bol: %d\t", bufp->not_bol);
  printf ("not_eol: %d\t", bufp->not_eol);
  printf ("syntax: %d\n", bufp->syntax);
  /* Perhaps we should print the translate table?  */
}


void
print_double_string (where, string1, size1, string2, size2)
    const char *where;
    const char *string1;
    const char *string2;
    int size1;
    int size2;
{
  unsigned this_char;
  
  if (where == NULL)
    printf ("(null)");
  else
    {
      if (FIRST_STRING_P (where))
        {
          for (this_char = where - string1; this_char < size1; this_char++)
            printchar (string1[this_char]);

          where = string2;    
        }

      for (this_char = where - string2; this_char < size2; this_char++)
        printchar (string2[this_char]);
    }
}

#else /* not DEBUG */

#undef assert
#define assert(e)

#define DEBUG_STATEMENT(e)
#define DEBUG_PRINT1(x)
#define DEBUG_PRINT2(x1, x2)
#define DEBUG_PRINT3(x1, x2, x3)
#define DEBUG_PRINT4(x1, x2, x3, x4)
#define DEBUG_PRINT_COMPILED_PATTERN(p, s, e)
#define DEBUG_PRINT_DOUBLE_STRING(w, s1, sz1, s2, sz2)

#endif /* not DEBUG */

/* Set by `re_set_syntax' to the current regexp syntax to recognize.  Can
   also be assigned to arbitrarily: each pattern buffer stores its own
   syntax, so it can be changed between regex compilations.  */
reg_syntax_t re_syntax_options = RE_SYNTAX_EMACS;


/* Specify the precise syntax of regexps for compilation.  This provides
   for compatibility for various utilities which historically have
   different, incompatible syntaxes.

   The argument SYNTAX is a bit mask comprised of the various bits
   defined in regex.h.  We return the old syntax.  */

reg_syntax_t
re_set_syntax (syntax)
    reg_syntax_t syntax;
{
  reg_syntax_t ret = re_syntax_options;
  
  re_syntax_options = syntax;
  return ret;
}

/* This table gives an error message for each of the error codes listed
   in regex.h.  Obviously the order here has to be same as there.  */

static char *re_error_msg[] =
  { NULL,                                       /* REG_NOERROR */
    "No match",                                 /* REG_NOMATCH */
    "Invalid regular expression",               /* REG_BADPAT */
    "Invalid collation character",              /* REG_ECOLLATE */
    "Invalid character class name",             /* REG_ECTYPE */
    "Trailing backslash",                       /* REG_EESCAPE */
    "Invalid back reference",                   /* REG_ESUBREG */
    "Unmatched [ or [^",                        /* REG_EBRACK */
    "Unmatched ( or \\(",                       /* REG_EPAREN */
    "Unmatched \\{",                            /* REG_EBRACE */
    "Invalid content of \\{\\}",                /* REG_BADBR */
    "Invalid range end",                        /* REG_ERANGE */
    "Memory exhausted",                         /* REG_ESPACE */
    "Invalid preceding regular expression",     /* REG_BADRPT */
    "Premature end of regular expression",      /* REG_EEND */
    "Regular expression too big",               /* REG_ESIZE */
    "Unmatched ) or \\)",                       /* REG_ERPAREN */
  };

/* Subroutine declarations and macros for regex_compile.  */

static void store_op1 (), store_op2 ();
static void insert_op1 (), insert_op2 ();
static boolean at_begline_loc_p (), at_endline_loc_p ();
static boolean group_in_compile_stack ();
static reg_errcode_t compile_range ();

/* Fetch the next character in the uncompiled pattern---translating it 
   if necessary.  Also cast from a signed character in the constant
   string passed to us by the user to an unsigned char that we can use
   as an array index (in, e.g., `translate').  */
#define PATFETCH(c)                                                     \
  do {if (p == pend) return REG_EEND;                                   \
    c = (unsigned char) *p++;                                           \
    if (translate) c = translate[c];                                    \
  } while (0)

/* Fetch the next character in the uncompiled pattern, with no
   translation.  */
#define PATFETCH_RAW(c)                                                 \
  do {if (p == pend) return REG_EEND;                                   \
    c = (unsigned char) *p++;                                           \
  } while (0)

/* Go backwards one character in the pattern.  */
#define PATUNFETCH p--


/* If `translate' is non-null, return translate[D], else just D.  We
   cast the subscript to translate because some data is declared as
   `char *', to avoid warnings when a string constant is passed.  But
   when we use a character as a subscript we must make it unsigned.  */
#define TRANSLATE(d) (translate ? translate[(unsigned char) (d)] : (d))


/* Macros for outputting the compiled pattern into `buffer'.  */

/* If the buffer isn't allocated when it comes in, use this.  */
#define INIT_BUF_SIZE  32

/* Make sure we have at least N more bytes of space in buffer.  */
#define GET_BUFFER_SPACE(n)                                             \
    while (b - bufp->buffer + (n) > bufp->allocated)                    \
      EXTEND_BUFFER ()

/* Make sure we have one more byte of buffer space and then add C to it.  */
#define BUF_PUSH(c)                                                     \
  do {                                                                  \
    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (1);                                               \
    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c);                                         \
  } while (0)


/* Ensure we have two more bytes of buffer space and then append C1 and C2.  */
#define BUF_PUSH_2(c1, c2)                                              \
  do {                                                                  \
    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (2);                                               \
    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c1);                                        \
    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c2);                                        \
  } while (0)


/* As with BUF_PUSH_2, except for three bytes.  */
#define BUF_PUSH_3(c1, c2, c3)                                          \
  do {                                                                  \
    GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);                                               \
    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c1);                                        \
    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c2);                                        \
    *b++ = (unsigned char) (c3);                                        \
  } while (0)


/* Store a jump with opcode OP at LOC to location TO.  We store a
   relative address offset by the three bytes the jump itself occupies.  */
#define STORE_JUMP(op, loc, to) \
  store_op1 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3)

/* Likewise, for a two-argument jump.  */
#define STORE_JUMP2(op, loc, to, arg) \
  store_op2 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3, arg)

/* Like `STORE_JUMP', but for inserting.  Assume `b' is the buffer end.  */
#define INSERT_JUMP(op, loc, to) \
  insert_op1 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3, b)

/* Like `STORE_JUMP2', but for inserting.  Assume `b' is the buffer end.  */
#define INSERT_JUMP2(op, loc, to, arg) \
  insert_op2 (op, loc, (to) - (loc) - 3, arg, b)


/* This is not an arbitrary limit: the arguments which represent offsets
   into the pattern are two bytes long.  So if 2^16 bytes turns out to
   be too small, many things would have to change.  */
#define MAX_BUF_SIZE (1L << 16)


/* Extend the buffer by twice its current size via realloc and
   reset the pointers that pointed into the old block to point to the
   correct places in the new one.  If extending the buffer results in it
   being larger than MAX_BUF_SIZE, then flag memory exhausted.  */
#define EXTEND_BUFFER()                                                 \
  do {                                                                  \
    unsigned char *old_buffer = bufp->buffer;                           \
    if (bufp->allocated == MAX_BUF_SIZE)                                \
      return REG_ESIZE;                                                 \
    bufp->allocated <<= 1;                                              \
    if (bufp->allocated > MAX_BUF_SIZE)                                 \
      bufp->allocated = MAX_BUF_SIZE;                                   \
    bufp->buffer = (unsigned char *) realloc (bufp->buffer, bufp->allocated);\
    if (bufp->buffer == NULL)                                           \
      return REG_ESPACE;                                                \
    /* If the buffer moved, move all the pointers into it.  */          \
    if (old_buffer != bufp->buffer)                                     \
      {                                                                 \
        b = (b - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;                            \
        begalt = (begalt - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;                  \
        if (fixup_alt_jump)                                             \
          fixup_alt_jump = (fixup_alt_jump - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;\
        if (laststart)                                                  \
          laststart = (laststart - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;          \
        if (pending_exact)                                              \
          pending_exact = (pending_exact - old_buffer) + bufp->buffer;  \
      }                                                                 \
  } while (0)


/* Since we have one byte reserved for the register number argument to
   {start,stop}_memory, the maximum number of groups we can report
   things about is what fits in that byte.  */
#define MAX_REGNUM 255

/* But patterns can have more than `MAX_REGNUM' registers.  We just
   ignore the excess.  */
typedef unsigned regnum_t;


/* Macros for the compile stack.  */

/* Since offsets can go either forwards or backwards, this type needs to
   be able to hold values from -(MAX_BUF_SIZE - 1) to MAX_BUF_SIZE - 1.  */
typedef int pattern_offset_t;

typedef struct
{
  pattern_offset_t begalt_offset;
  pattern_offset_t fixup_alt_jump;
  pattern_offset_t inner_group_offset;
  pattern_offset_t laststart_offset;  
  regnum_t regnum;
} compile_stack_elt_t;


typedef struct
{
  compile_stack_elt_t *stack;
  unsigned size;
  unsigned avail;                       /* Offset of next open position.  */
} compile_stack_type;


#define INIT_COMPILE_STACK_SIZE 32

#define COMPILE_STACK_EMPTY  (compile_stack.avail == 0)
#define COMPILE_STACK_FULL  (compile_stack.avail == compile_stack.size)

/* The next available element.  */
#define COMPILE_STACK_TOP (compile_stack.stack[compile_stack.avail])


/* Set the bit for character C in a list.  */
#define SET_LIST_BIT(c)                               \
  (b[((unsigned char) (c)) / BYTEWIDTH]               \
   |= 1 << (((unsigned char) c) % BYTEWIDTH))


/* Get the next unsigned number in the uncompiled pattern.  */
#define GET_UNSIGNED_NUMBER(num)                                        \
  { if (p != pend)                                                      \
     {                                                                  \
       PATFETCH (c);                                                    \
       while (ISDIGIT (c))                                              \
         {                                                              \
           if (num < 0)                                                 \
              num = 0;                                                  \
           num = num * 10 + c - '0';                                    \
           if (p == pend)                                               \
              break;                                                    \
           PATFETCH (c);                                                \
         }                                                              \
       }                                                                \
    }           

#define CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH  6 /* Namely, `xdigit'.  */

#define IS_CHAR_CLASS(string)                                           \
   (STREQ (string, "alpha") || STREQ (string, "upper")                  \
    || STREQ (string, "lower") || STREQ (string, "digit")               \
    || STREQ (string, "alnum") || STREQ (string, "xdigit")              \
    || STREQ (string, "space") || STREQ (string, "print")               \
    || STREQ (string, "punct") || STREQ (string, "graph")               \
    || STREQ (string, "cntrl") || STREQ (string, "blank"))

/* `regex_compile' compiles PATTERN (of length SIZE) according to SYNTAX.
   Returns one of error codes defined in `regex.h', or zero for success.

   Assumes the `allocated' (and perhaps `buffer') and `translate'
   fields are set in BUFP on entry.

   If it succeeds, results are put in BUFP (if it returns an error, the
   contents of BUFP are undefined):
     `buffer' is the compiled pattern;
     `syntax' is set to SYNTAX;
     `used' is set to the length of the compiled pattern;
     `fastmap_accurate' is zero;
     `re_nsub' is the number of subexpressions in PATTERN;
     `not_bol' and `not_eol' are zero;
   
   The `fastmap' and `newline_anchor' fields are neither
   examined nor set.  */

static reg_errcode_t
regex_compile (pattern, size, syntax, bufp)
      char *pattern;
     int size;
     reg_syntax_t syntax;
     struct re_pattern_buffer *bufp;
{
  /* We fetch characters from PATTERN here.  Even though PATTERN is
     `char *' (i.e., signed), we declare these variables as unsigned, so
     they can be reliably used as array indices.  */
  register unsigned char c, c1;
  
  /* A random tempory spot in PATTERN.  */
   char *p1;

  /* Points to the end of the buffer, where we should append.  */
  register unsigned char *b;
  
  /* Keeps track of unclosed groups.  */
  compile_stack_type compile_stack;

  /* Points to the current (ending) position in the pattern.  */
   char *p = pattern;
   char *pend = pattern + size;
  
  /* How to translate the characters in the pattern.  */
  char *translate = bufp->translate;

  /* Address of the count-byte of the most recently inserted `exactn'
     command.  This makes it possible to tell if a new exact-match
     character can be added to that command or if the character requires
     a new `exactn' command.  */
  unsigned char *pending_exact = 0;

  /* Address of start of the most recently finished expression.
     This tells, e.g., postfix * where to find the start of its
     operand.  Reset at the beginning of groups and alternatives.  */
  unsigned char *laststart = 0;

  /* Address of beginning of regexp, or inside of last group.  */
  unsigned char *begalt;

  /* Place in the uncompiled pattern (i.e., the {) to
     which to go back if the interval is invalid.  */
   char *beg_interval;
                
  /* Address of the place where a forward jump should go to the end of
     the containing expression.  Each alternative of an `or' -- except the
     last -- ends with a forward jump of this sort.  */
  unsigned char *fixup_alt_jump = 0;

  /* Counts open-groups as they are encountered.  Remembered for the
     matching close-group on the compile stack, so the same register
     number is put in the stop_memory as the start_memory.  */
  regnum_t regnum = 0;

#ifdef DEBUG
  DEBUG_PRINT1 ("\nCompiling pattern: ");
  if (debug)
    {
      unsigned debug_count;
      
      for (debug_count = 0; debug_count < size; debug_count++)
        printchar (pattern[debug_count]);
      putchar ('\n');
    }
#endif /* DEBUG */

  /* Initialize the compile stack.  */
  compile_stack.stack = TALLOC (INIT_COMPILE_STACK_SIZE, compile_stack_elt_t);
  if (compile_stack.stack == NULL)
    return REG_ESPACE;

  compile_stack.size = INIT_COMPILE_STACK_SIZE;
  compile_stack.avail = 0;

  /* Initialize the pattern buffer.  */
  bufp->syntax = syntax;
  bufp->fastmap_accurate = 0;
  bufp->not_bol = bufp->not_eol = 0;

  /* Set `used' to zero, so that if we return an error, the pattern
     printer (for debugging) will think there's no pattern.  We reset it
     at the end.  */
  bufp->used = 0;
  
  /* Always count groups, whether or not bufp->no_sub is set.  */
  bufp->re_nsub = 0;                            

#if !defined (emacs) && !defined (SYNTAX_TABLE)
  /* Initialize the syntax table.  */
   init_syntax_once ();
#endif

  if (bufp->allocated == 0)
    {
      if (bufp->buffer)
        { /* If zero allocated, but buffer is non-null, try to realloc
             enough space.  This loses if buffer's address is bogus, but
             that is the user's responsibility.  */
          RETALLOC (bufp->buffer, INIT_BUF_SIZE, unsigned char);
        }
      else
        { /* Caller did not allocate a buffer.  Do it for them.  */
          bufp->buffer = TALLOC (INIT_BUF_SIZE, unsigned char);
        }
      if (!bufp->buffer) return REG_ESPACE;

      bufp->allocated = INIT_BUF_SIZE;
    }

  begalt = b = bufp->buffer;

  /* Loop through the uncompiled pattern until we're at the end.  */
  while (p != pend)
    {
      PATFETCH (c);

      switch (c)
        {
        case '^':
          {
            if (   /* If at start of pattern, it's an operator.  */
                   p == pattern + 1
                   /* If context independent, it's an operator.  */
                || syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
                   /* Otherwise, depends on what's come before.  */
                || at_begline_loc_p (pattern, p, syntax))
              BUF_PUSH (begline);
            else
              goto normal_char;
          }
          break;


        case '$':
          {
            if (   /* If at end of pattern, it's an operator.  */
                   p == pend 
                   /* If context independent, it's an operator.  */
                || syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
                   /* Otherwise, depends on what's next.  */
                || at_endline_loc_p (p, pend, syntax))
               BUF_PUSH (endline);
             else
               goto normal_char;
           }
           break;


        case '+':
        case '?':
          if ((syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
              || (syntax & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
            goto normal_char;
        handle_plus:
        case '*':
          /* If there is no previous pattern... */
          if (!laststart)
            {
              if (syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS)
                return REG_BADRPT;
              else if (!(syntax & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS))
                goto normal_char;
            }

          {
            /* Are we optimizing this jump?  */
            boolean keep_string_p = false;
            
            /* 1 means zero (many) matches is allowed.  */
            char zero_times_ok = 0, many_times_ok = 0;

            /* If there is a sequence of repetition chars, collapse it
               down to just one (the right one).  We can't combine
               interval operators with these because of, e.g., `a{2}*',
               which should only match an even number of `a's.  */

            for (;;)
              {
                zero_times_ok |= c != '+';
                many_times_ok |= c != '?';

                if (p == pend)
                  break;

                PATFETCH (c);

                if (c == '*'
                    || (!(syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM) && (c == '+' || c == '?')))
                  ;

                else if (syntax & RE_BK_PLUS_QM  &&  c == '\\')
                  {
                    if (p == pend) return REG_EESCAPE;

                    PATFETCH (c1);
                    if (!(c1 == '+' || c1 == '?'))
                      {
                        PATUNFETCH;
                        PATUNFETCH;
                        break;
                      }

                    c = c1;
                  }
                else
                  {
                    PATUNFETCH;
                    break;
                  }

                /* If we get here, we found another repeat character.  */
               }

            /* Star, etc. applied to an empty pattern is equivalent
               to an empty pattern.  */
            if (!laststart)  
              break;

            /* Now we know whether or not zero matches is allowed
               and also whether or not two or more matches is allowed.  */
            if (many_times_ok)
              { /* More than one repetition is allowed, so put in at the
                   end a backward relative jump from `b' to before the next
                   jump we're going to put in below (which jumps from
                   laststart to after this jump).  

                   But if we are at the `*' in the exact sequence `.*\n',
                   insert an unconditional jump backwards to the .,
                   instead of the beginning of the loop.  This way we only
                   push a failure point once, instead of every time
                   through the loop.  */
                assert (p - 1 > pattern);

                /* Allocate the space for the jump.  */
                GET_BUFFER_SPACE (3);

                /* We know we are not at the first character of the pattern,
                   because laststart was nonzero.  And we've already
                   incremented `p', by the way, to be the character after
                   the `*'.  Do we have to do something analogous here
                   for null bytes, because of RE_DOT_NOT_NULL?  */
                if (TRANSLATE (*(p - 2)) == TRANSLATE ('.')
                    && zero_times_ok
                    && p < pend && TRANSLATE (*p) == TRANSLATE ('\n')
                    && !(syntax & RE_DOT_NEWLINE))
                  { /* We have .*\n.  */
                    STORE_JUMP (jump, b, laststart);
                    keep_string_p = true;
                  }
                else
                  /* Anything else.  */
                  STORE_JUMP (maybe_pop_jump, b, laststart - 3);

                /* We've added more stuff to the buffer.  */
                b += 3;
              }

            /* On